A
study- Nutrition for Healthy Living (NFHL) that has been done in Boston, US
from 1995-2005 looked at 881 patients with HIV around age 40; 29% were women
and 44% were non-white race. In this study some of the symptoms and causes of
HI-wasting syndrome were identified. Causes that fell into two possible groups:
1) inadequate nutrient intake, and 2) altered nutrient metabolism were
socioeconomic status, access to care, cultural practices, psychological
factors, and medical complications of therapies.
Symptoms included inadequate
nutrient intake, oral and gastrointestinal symptoms, anorexia,
psychosocial-economic symptoms, malabsorption, uncontrolled HIV infection, and
metabolic demands of HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy).
33.5% of the 881 HIV infected
patients met the criteria of either having 1) loss of more than 10% of body
weight, 2) loss of more than 5% of body weight that was sustained for longer
than 6 months and lastly 3) had a BMI (body mass index) of less than 20 (normal
BMI range: 18.5-25.0).
The study showed that more men than
women had diarrhea, and women showed greater deficiencies in vitamins A, C, E,
and B₆. 38.4% women had insufficient
caloric intake. 11.3% had inadequate protein intake, 36.1% weren’t sure where
they were going to get their next meal from, and 8% identified themselves as
hungry.
Reference
Mangili, A. M.
Zampini, D. H. Murman, & C. A. Wanke (February 7, 2006). Nutrition and HIV
Infection: Review of Weight Loss and Wasting in the Era of Highly Active
Antiretroviral Therapy from the Nutrition for Healthy Living Cohort. Invited Article, CID 2006; 42, 836-842.
Retrieved from http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/42/6/836.full.pdf+html
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