Initial treatment for HIV Wasting
Syndrome includes nutrient intake of at least 100% of the Recommended Dietary
Allowance, supplemented with vitamins. Also appetite stimuli treating anorexia,
include Marinol (synthetic derivative of marijuana) which also may decrease
nausea and improve mood, and synthetic progestational drug (Megace)
contributing to weight gain and appetite (Mulligan & Schambelan, 2003). Another great technique to
maintain muscle mass is daily exercise.
In case
Wasting Syndrome progresses and diarrhea is preset - “balance must be found
between controlling symptoms with a low-fat diet and maintaining caloric intake
with fat-containing foods that offer caloric density appetite” (Mulligan & Schambelan, 2003).
Dietary and supplemental fibers may aid in water binding, thus reducing
diarrhea.
In case
of worsening, or failure to improve the condition with oral intake, “enteral
alimentation should be initiated” (Mulligan
& Schambelan, 2003). In severe cases percutaneous endoscopic
gastrostomy (PEG) feeding tubes are advised since have been proven to be
effective.
Lastly,
parenteral nutrition which is getting nutrients to the body through veins, is
only for most severe cases of intestinal dysfunction (ex: severe/large volume
diarrhea).
Since the treatments for Wasting Syndrome in HIV don’t
include antibiotics or strong medications, there aren’t many side effects to
them. Only for feeding tubes may be cases when it is contraindicated.
Williams,
B., & Waters, D. (1999).
References
Mulligan, K., & Schambelan M. (2003). HIV-Associated Wasting. Retrieved from http://hivinsite.ucsf.edu/InSite?page=kb-04-01-08#S2X
Williams, B., & Waters, D. (1999). Evaluation
and Treatment of Weight Loss in Adults with HIV Disease. American Family Physician, 60(3), 843-854. Retrieved from http://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0901/p843.html
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